Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia. It destroys brain cells and nerves and disrupts neurochemicals, which carry messages in the brain, particularly those which are responsible for storing memories. Dementia affects a person’s ability to think, reason, remember, learn new information and skills, solve problems and make judgment. While there is no cure for dementia, treatments are available to manage the symptoms.

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease. An asthma attack occurs when the airways (breathing tubes) in the lungs become inflamed, narrowed and obstructed, causing breathing difficulty.
Asthma is not contagious but can be inherited. Untreated asthma may cause permanent damage to the lungs and can be fatal. It is important to identify the possible triggers of an asthma attack and take preventive steps to avoid them.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a generalized term to include people with chronic bronchitis, emphysema, or both. Chronic bronchitis is the persistent inflammation of the bronchi (the airways of the lungs). Emphysema is damage to the smaller airways and air sacs (alveoli) of the lungs. With COPD the airflow to the lungs is restricted (obstructed). Smoking is a major risk factor for COPD.

Diabetes is a disorder in which the level of glucose (sugar) in the blood is abnormally high because the body does not produce enough insulin (a hormone that controls the amount of sugar in the blood) to move the glucose into the cells. The resulting high levels of glucose in the blood and the inadequate amount of glucose in the cells together produce the symptoms and complications of diabetes. 

High blood pressure is when one’s blood pressure stays persistently above 140 / 90 mmHg. High blood pressure often causes no symptoms or immediate problems but it should be treated seriously as untreated high blood pressure may lead to other medical problems.

High cholesterol refers to the increased levels of lipids (fats) in the blood, including cholesterol and triglycerides. It can significantly increase your risk of developing coronary heart disease. High cholesterol levels can be due to a variety of factors including a family history of the condition, diet and lifestyle.   

Osteoporosis is a condition where a person’s bones become weak, brittle and more easily fractured. It occurs when bone is lost at a faster rate than bone production.